Urban schools in the Urals at the beginning of the 20th century

Identificator

EDN: QMGNDZ ; УДК: 37.018.5(470.5)"19"

Authors

Popov Mikhail Valerievich, Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, Ural State Pedagogical University. Russia, Ekaterinburg. SPIN-code: 5436-9758. E-mail: m-v-popov@yandex.ru ; Farteev Evgeny Konstantinovich, assistant, Ural State Pedagogical University. Russia, Ekaterinburg. SPIN-code: 5747-9369. E-mail: farteevevgeni@mail.ru

Journal

HERALD OF HUMANITARIAN EDUCATION №4 (40), 2025

Section

NATIONAL HISTORY

Pages

9-15

Abstract

At the beginning of the 20th century, city schools became an important link in the education system of Russian provinces, providing an opportunity for children of different classes to receive general education. The article deals with the formation of urban schools in the Urals in the early 20th century. The authors try to trace the transformation of county schools into urban schools, as well as to link pre-revolutionary education with modern education. The article examines the curricula of city schools according to the "Regulations" of 1872 and analyzes the importance of such educational institutions for pre-revolutionary Russia. Based on archival documents, statistics are provided on the number of urban schools operating in the Orenburg Educational District in the early 20th century. The authors note the significant role of the Ministry of Public Education in coordinating the actions of local governments and the public for the successful functioning of urban schools in the Urals. The specifics of the city school's work before the reform of 1912 are revealed, and the policy of the government of P. A. Stolypin, who drew attention to the financing of such educational institutions, is noted. The authors pay attention to the management system of schools, sources of income, as well as the teaching staff and the disciplines taught. The study notes the lack of an adequate number of teaching staff to work in urban schools. It is concluded that it is necessary to open teaching institutes in the Urals. The authors positively assess the role of city schools, which replaced county schools, in the formation of public education in the Urals and the training of graduates who continued their careers as government officials and minor employees. This is due to the fact that, thanks to the flexible educational system, which included both classroom and subject methods, urban schools have become an important element of the socio-cultural infrastructure of the regions, contributing to the development of education and professional training of graduates.

Keywords

City schools Orenburg educational district Urals city schools Perm province Yekaterinburg Ministry of Public Education

Recieved

22.04.2025

Published

19.02.2026

References

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