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Немец Иоганн Иосиф Спринцель – первый служитель медицины на горнозаводском Урале (1722–1736)The English version of the site is under reconstruction. Английская верcия сайта находится на реконструкции.

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German Johann Joseph Sprinzel – the first minister of medicine in the mining Urals (1722–1736)

Identificator
EDN: DQSVVA; УДК: 94(470.5)"17":61(091)
Authors
Safronova Alevtina Mikhailovna, Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor of the Department of Documentation, Archival Science and History of Public Administration, Ural Federal University n. a. the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin. Russia, Yekaterinburg. ORCID: 0000-0002-4692-3025. E-mail: alevtina.safronova@gmail.com
Journal
HERALD OF HUMANITARIAN EDUCATION №3 (39), 2025
Section
NATIONAL HISTORY
Pages
9-20
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the first physician who arrived in the Urals under a contract in 1722, Johann Sprinzel, with whom the history of medical care for the population of the state-owned factories of the Urals begins. For the first time, the difficulties of finding physicians to work in the Urals in the 1720s are revealed, even in the conditions of St. Petersburg and Moscow, the impossibility of replacing a not very knowledgeable doctor with a more experienced one and the forced satisfaction of his demands regarding the improvement of his financial situation when concluding subsequent contracts. The life path of a Saxon by origin, who served in the Swedish army during the Northern War, was captured and transferred to serve in Russia, is revealed. Sprinzel was recommended to the Urals by the head of the Medical Chancellery, which was in charge of medicine in Russia and its personnel, Archbishop I. L. Blumentrost. For the first time, the stages of his service in the Urals are traced: at the Uktus plant, at Pyskor in 1724, departure to Moscow in 1725, agreement to return to the Urals on the terms of an increased salary, due to him already as a staff doctor; further increase in salary under the contract of 1728, obtaining the right to conduct private practice in Yekaterinburg. The main areas of Sprinzel's activity are revealed: participation in the admission of patients to the hospital, treatment, examination of them in connection with retirement, identification of sick soldiers sent to the construction of Yekaterinburg, sick peasants for temporary release from factory work. This data on Sprinzel will be used for comparison with the contribution of other foreign doctors who worked in the Urals in the first half of the 18th century.
Keywords
mining Urals Johann Sprinzel V. I. Gennin contracts medical care.
Recieved
14.07.2025
Published
06.11.2025

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