Внешние связи заморских регионов Франции в Индо‑Пацифике

External Relations of the French Overseas Regions in the Indo‑Pacific

 

EDN: FGUIPM; УДК: 327.8(44)

 

 

Минкова Кристина Владимировна

Minkova Kristina Vladimirovna

доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры американских исследований, Санкт‑Петербургский государственный университет. Россия, г. Санкт‑Петербург. ResearcherID: 730215. ORCID: 0000‑0001‑5833‑6808. E‑mail: k.minkova@spbu.ru

Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor of the Department of American Studies, Saint Petersburg State University. Russia, Saint Petersburg. ResearcherID: 730215. ORCID: 0000‑0001‑5833‑6808. E‑mail: k.minkova@spbu.ru

 

Ашикбаева Ильдана Адильевна

Ashikbaeva Il'dana Adil'evna

стажер Центра канадских исследований, Санкт‑Петербургский государственный университет. Россия, г. Санкт‑Петербург. ResearcherID: 143802. ORCID: 0009‑0005‑4708‑7750. E‑mail: st112512@student.spbu.ru

member of Center for Canadian Studies, Saint Petersburg State University. Russia, Saint Petersburg. ResearcherID: 143802. ORCID: 0009‑0005‑4708‑7750. E‑mail: st112512@student.spbu.ru

 

Пешкова Софья Антоновна

Peshkova Sof'ya Antonovna

стажер Центра канадских исследований, Санкт‑Петербургский государственный университет. Россия, г. Санкт‑Петербург. ResearcherID: 143814. ORCID: 0009‑0005‑1928‑8934. E‑mail: sspeshkova@yandex.ru

member of Center for Canadian Studies, Saint Petersburg State University. Russia, Saint Petersburg. ResearcherID: 143814. ORCID: 0009‑0005‑1928‑8934. E‑mail: sspeshkova@yandex.ru

 

Аннотация. Актуальность темы данного исследования определяется возрастающей ролью Индо‑Тихоокеанского региона (далее – ИТР) в международных отношениях и стремлением внерегиональных или опосредованно региональных игроков усилить свое влияние в Индо‑Пацифике. Цель статьи – рассмотреть интересы Франции и ее заморских территорий в ИТР, проанализировать правовую основу, основные направления и результаты внешних связей французских регионов в Индо‑Пацифике. Предмет исследования – парадипломатия заморских территорий Французской Республики.

Основную источниковую базу исследования составили официальные документы Французской Республики, а также научные и аналитические статьи и новостные материалы. Авторы приходят к выводу в том, что в последние годы политика Франции в ИТР значительно трансформировалась и конкретизировалась, а заморские территории призваны сыграть ключевую роль в реализации амбициозных планов Пятой республики по развитию сотрудничества со странами региона. Парадипломатия заморских территорий Франции осуществляется на солидной правовой базе; все заморские регионы имеют правительственные институты, полностью или частично ответственные за внешние связи. При этом заморские автономии Франции имеют собственные интересы в регионе, не всегда совпадающие с интересами центра, и ведут борьбу за расширение своих прав. Однако Париж стремится сохранять контроль над внешними сношениями своих заморских территорий, и на данный момент их внешнеполитическая деятельность все еще осуществляется в рамках общефранцузской стратегии и под контролем Парижа.

Результаты статьи могут иметь практическое и научное применение. Научное связано с тем, что в отечественной историографии внешние связи заморских территорий Франции крайне мало исследованы, хотя их изучение представляет интерес. Практическое – опыт парадипломатии заморских территорий Франции можно изучать и применять для укрепления позиций Российской Федерации в том числе в ИТР.

 

Abstract. The significance of this research stems from the increasing importance of the Indo‑Pacific region in international affairs and the efforts of extra‑regional and indirectly regional actors to enhance their influence in this area. The aim of this paper is to explore the interests of France and its overseas territories within the Indo‑Pacific context, as well as to analyze the legal basis, main trends, and outcomes of the external interactions of French regions with the Indo‑Pacific area.

This study focuses on the paradiplomatic activities of the overseas departments and territories of the French Republic. The primary sources for this investigation comprise official documents from the French government, as well as scholarly and analytical articles, and news reports.

The authors conclude that France's policy in the Indo‑Pacific region has undergone significant transformation in recent years and has become more specific. The overseas territories are now called upon to play a crucial role in implementing the ambitious plans of the Fifth Republic to develop cooperation with countries in the region. The paradiplomacy of France's overseas territories is founded on a strong legal basis, with all overseas regions having government institutions responsible for external relations, either wholly or partially. At the same time, the overseas territories have their own interests in the region that may not always align with the interests of the central government, and they strive to expand their autonomy. However, Paris maintains control over the foreign affairs of its overseas territories and currently, their foreign policy is conducted within the framework of a Pan‑French strategy under the direction of Paris.

The findings of this paper may have both practical and academic implications. The academic significance stems from the fact that foreign relations of France's overseas territories have received little attention in Russian historical research, despite their relevance. The practical significance lies in the possibility of studying and applying the experience of para‑diplomacy in these territories to strengthen the position of the Russian Federation, potentially including in the Indo‑Pacific region.

 

Ключевые слова: заморские регионы Франции, Индо‑Тихоокеанский регион, парадипломатия, Французская Республика, Реюньон, Новая Каледония, Французская Полинезия.

Keywords: French overseas regions, Indo‑Pacific region, paradiplomacy, French Republic, Réunion, New Caledonia, French Polynesia.

 

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